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The menstrual cycle is a natural part of our biology. However, it can cause us problems and symptoms that we sometimes need help to manage.
What is PMS and PMDD?
Premenstrual syndrome (PMS) and premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD) are medical conditions that affect many people. While most people are familiar with PMS-emotional and physical symptoms that occur one to two weeks before menstruation, PMDD is less well known. PMDD is similar to PMS but has a more intense impact on emotional and physical well-being. Help is available.
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Symptoms of PMS and PMDD
- Anxiety before menstruation
- Depression during menstruation
- Sadness during your period
- Panic attacks before your period
Physical symptoms may include pain, breast tenderness/swelling, changes in appetite and sleep problems.
Different types of therapy
- Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (CBT)
This therapy focuses on identifying and changing destructive patterns of thought and behaviour. CBT has been shown to be effective in relieving PMS and PMDD-related anxiety and depression. - Drug treatment
Antidepressant medications and hormonal treatments such as birth control pills can sometimes make PMDD symptoms worse but can also be helpful in some cases. It is important to discuss medication options with your healthcare provider. - Lifestyle adjustments
Things like regular exercise, healthy eating and stress management can make a big difference.
The benefits of seeking help
Professional guidance can help you understand and manage your symptoms effectively. You are not alone if PMS makes your daily life difficult to manage. Seeking help to manage your PMS is nothing to be ashamed of. Therapy can improve your quality of life in the long term. If you are also experiencing more severe symptoms, a PMDD assessment can give you clarity and an idea of what you can do to manage your concerns.
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What do I do now?
If you are experiencing difficulties with PMS or PMDD, consider booking a session with one of our qualified psychologists or therapists. Everything you share is confidential and our main priority is your well-being.
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10 frequently asked questions about PMS and PMDD
What is PMS and PMDD?
PMS (premenstrual syndrome) is a collection of symptoms that occur before your period starts. PMDD (premenstrual dysphoric disorder) is a more severe form of PMS and can affect your daily life significantly more.
What are the most common symptoms of PMS?
The most common symptoms include mood swings, fatigue, anger, depression, anxiety and breast tenderness. Many people also experience headaches and cramps.
How long do PMS symptoms last?
PMS symptoms usually start one to two weeks before your period and disappear once your period starts. However, for some, they can be more prolonged.
Is there any treatment for PMS and PMDD?
Yes, treatment options can include painkillers such as ibuprofen, hormonal contraceptives and lifestyle changes such as diet and exercise.
Are PMS and PMDD hereditary?
There is no concrete evidence that PMS or PMDD are hereditary, but there may be a genetic component. Many people in the same family report similar symptoms.
How is PMDD diagnosed?
The diagnosis is usually made through a medical evaluation and symptom diary. It is important to rule out other medical conditions that may be similar to PMDD.
Do PMS and PMDD affect fertility?
There is no evidence that PMS or PMDD affects fertility. However, symptoms can cause a loss of sex drive and less enjoyment of sex.
Can you work while having PMS or PMDD?
It varies from person to person, but many people find it difficult to concentrate and feel tired. If symptoms are severe, sick leave may be an option.
Is it normal to have extremely severe symptoms?
No, extremely severe symptoms can be a sign of PMDD or other medical conditions. Consult a doctor for a full evaluation.
Where can I get help if I have PMDD?
If you think you have PMDD, you should seek medical advice. Contact your family doctor or local walk-in clinic. On our website we also offer contact with psychologists and therapists who can help you manage your symptoms.
How therapy can help you manage PMS and PMDD: a step-by-step overview
Living with PMS or PMDD can be a challenge, both physically and emotionally. But you don’t have to go through it alone. Therapy can offer effective strategies for dealing with these disorders. Below is an overview of what you can expect from treatment.
- Step 1: First consultation
During the first meeting, the therapist will do an initial assessment. You will discuss your symptoms, how they affect your daily life and your goals for therapy. - Step 2: Diagnostic tests
To rule out other medical conditions, some tests may be necessary. These may include blood tests, hormone tests and psychological evaluations. - Step 3: Individual treatment plan
Based on your diagnosis and needs, an individual treatment plan is created. It may include cognitive behavioural therapy, medication, or a combination of both. - Step 4: Tools and strategies
The therapist will teach you positive coping mechanisms and strategies to manage symptoms. This may include breathing techniques, mindfulness and lifestyle changes. - Step 5: Ongoing evaluation
Your progress will be continuously evaluated. The treatment plan can be adjusted based on your needs and feedback. - Step 6: Homework
You will likely be given homework to work on between sessions. This could be keeping a diary, practicing techniques or performing specific tasks. - Step 7: Long-term follow-up
After therapy has ended, follow-up sessions are common. This helps to ensure that you continue to manage your symptoms effectively. - Step 8: Self-management and the future
Finally, you will be equipped with the tools and knowledge to self-manage your symptoms in the future.
