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Do you find social relationships difficult? Do you have intense interests or difficulties coping with change? Or have you noticed similar problems in someone close to you? Help is available.
What is autism?
Autism, or autism spectrum disorder (ASD), is a neuropsychiatric diagnosis that affects social relationships, communication and behaviour. It is still not known what causes autism, but a combination of genetic, neurological and environmental factors may play a role in its development.
Autism has different levels of severity depending on how much an impact symptoms have on one’s life. It is important to note that each individual with autism is unique.
What set our therapist apart was her genuine empathy and personal insight. Not only did she possess a deep understanding of neurodiversity, but she also shared personal experiences that resonated with us, creating an instant connection and fostering a sense of trust!
Benedetta Osarenk
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Symptoms of autism
There are several different ways that autism can manifest itself, including:
- Social difficulties: You may have difficulty understanding social cues, maintaining eye contact or developing close relationships.
- Communication difficulties: Communication problems, such as delayed speech development, limited use of gestures and difficulty understanding metaphors and abstract language may be present.
- Repetitive behaviours: Often times people with autism display repetitive or stereotyped behaviours, interests or activities.
- Sensory sensitivities: There may be a sensitivity to light, sound, touch, taste or smell. Some people with autism may be over-sensitive while others may be under-sensitive to certain stimuli.
- Rigidity with routines: You may have a strong preference for routines and a resistance to change. Unexpected changes may cause anxiety.
Autism, anxiety and depression
It is not uncommon for people with autism to have other concerns such as social anxiety, depression and problems with stress. Sleep problems are also common. Symptoms of autism, such as social difficulties and sensory sensitivities, can exacerbate these concerns.
Autism and concentration
People with autism often find it easy to concentrate on things they find interesting, and can become very absorbed in them in a way that can interfere with daily activities. People on the autism spectrum can often see details that others do not perceive, which can also be a strength. At the same time, too much sensory stimulation can be tiring, requiring extended periods to rest and recharge. Lifestyle factors are important to consider if you have autism, such as exercising, eating regularly and managing your sleep.
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Relationships and autism
Autism is a disorder that can greatly affect relationships. It may involve difficulties with social interaction, taking initiative in social situations, and understanding others. This can lead to having a small social network. There may also be a lack of interest in relationships. Understanding how the diagnosis affects an individual can make a big difference to how relationships can develop.
Autism in children and adults
Symptoms of autism often become apparent in early childhood, but depending on severity may not become obvious until later in life. Symptoms of autism can present differently between the sexes, with more seemingly “traditional” symptoms usually being more apparent in males. This often means that females may not receive a diagnosis until adulthood, if at all. Due to difficulties with social interaction, children with autism have a higher likelihood of experiencing bullying. This makes utilizing school support symptoms important, so that children with autism can feel safe and thrive in their school environment.
In adults, symptoms can appear in social situations, such as having few friends or difficulties interacting at work. If you have grown up with supportive parents, they may have compensated for the symptoms, which may become more apparent when you leave home.
Autism levels
Autism has different categories: levels 1, 2 and 3. The level of impairment depends on how it affects your life and how much support you need. Level 1 autism used to be called Asperger’s syndrome, and describes individuals with low support needs. It is important to note that individuals with level 1 autism may experience mild impairment in some domains, such as verbal communication, but may experience more pronounced impairment in other areas. As autism is a spectrum, symptoms and presentations can vary greatly.
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Next steps for an autism assessment
If you or someone you know is experiencing symptoms that seem consistent with autism, it is important to contact a licensed psychologist or doctor to get a diagnosis and support. An assessment can help you understand yourself and your needs. It can facilitate acceptance, both by yourself and by those around you. Through knowledge and support, we can help make the difficult easier.
Do you have questions or concerns? Do not hesitate to contact us or book an appointment with one of our professional psychologists or therapists.
12 common questions and answers about autism
What is autism?
Autism is a neuropsychiatric disorder. It is characterized by impairments in social relationships, sensory sensitivities and repetitive behaviours.
How is autism diagnosed?
Diagnosis is usually made by psychologists and psychiatrists specializing in neuropsychiatry through a comprehensive assessment. This may include interviews and cognitive tests.
What are the symptoms of autism?
Common symptoms include social difficulties with understanding and communication, repetitive behaviours, and sensory sensitivities.
Is there any treatment for autism?
You can receive treatment for autism, which often focuses on strengthening social skills and managing thoughts, feelings and needs in different situations. You are also entitled to accommodations at work and school.
Is autism hereditary?
Research shows that there is a genetic component to autism. If one parent has the diagnosis, the risk of other family members having it increases.
Does autism affect school work?
Yes, because autism affects concentration and behaviour, school environments can be a challenge. However, special education support can make a big difference.
Can you have ADHD and autism at the same time?
Yes, it is not uncommon to have both. A neuropsychiatric assessment can diagnose both conditions.
What can I do if I think myself or my child has autism?
If you suspect autism, contact your healthcare provider for an initial assessment.
Does autism differ between girls and boys?
Symptoms of autism can present differently between the sexes. It is not uncommon for symptoms to be missed or misdiagnosed in girls and women.
Can you have other psychological conditions such as anxiety and depression at the same time as autism?
Yes, you can have other conditions alongside autism. It is possible to receive treatment for autism, anxiety and depression concurrently.
What rights do you have if you are diagnosed with autism?
If you are diagnosed, you have the right to accommodations, for example at school and work. Based on your needs, you may also qualify for additional supports at home and in the community.
What should you do if you are a relative of someone with autism?
As a family member, you can find more information about autism and the services available in Canada here.
How do you navigate an autism assessment?
Taking the step to find out if you have a neuropsychiatric diagnosis can be an emotional experience, but it is also important to get the help you may need. With a simple and easy-to-understand guide, we make the difficult easier.
Step 1: Recognize the symptoms
Take note of the symptoms you are experiencing. These can include social difficulties, repetitive behaviours, and feeling overwhelmed by daily tasks.
Step 2: Consult a licensed healthcare provider
The next and most important step is to seek professional help. Only a medical specialist, such as a psychologist or psychiatrist, can diagnose autism. Here at Lavendla, we can help you make that connection.
Step 3: The autism assessment
If autism is suspected after the initial assessment interview, a formal assessment is carried out. This may include interviews, cognitive testing and discussions with family members. If the assessment involves children, the school is usually involved.
Step 4: Diagnosis
If you receive a diagnosis, the next step is to discuss interventions. These can vary from person to person, but usually include therapy and other support services.
Step 5: Psychotherapy and support
Talk therapy can help you develop skills to manage the symptoms of autism. This includes social skills training, cognitive behavioural therapy and stress management.
Step 6: Follow-up and adjustments
Regular follow-ups with your healthcare provider are essential to see how the treatment is working and to determine if there is a need for any changes.
Step 7: Support from organizations and loved ones
Having a support network is important. Talk to family and friends and explain your situation to get the support you need. There may also be family meetings and information sessions if those close to you want to learn more about your diagnosis.
As starting treatment can often seem challenging, the best step in the right direction can be just having a conversation with a psychologist or therapist. This is why we offer introductory sessions with our therapists where you can connect over video for 20 or 45 minutes. Do not hesitate to reach out for support. Together, we can make the difficult easier.
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