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Self-harm in children occurs when they intentionally harm themselves physically. It is often a way for the child to deal with difficult emotions and is a cry for help. Here we examine self-harm and what can be done about it.
What is self-harm in children?
Self-harm in children means they intentionally harm themselves physically without the intention of committing suicide. It can manifest itself through actions such as cutting, burning, hitting themselves, picking at wounds, or pulling out hair. It can also include destructive behaviour such as drinking alcohol or taking drugs. It can also involve putting oneself in dangerous situations or high-risk sexual behaviour. It is often a way for a child to deal with and express deep emotional pain, stress, anxiety, or frustration.
Self-harm behaviour acts as a maladaptive coping mechanism where the physical expression of pain is used to deflect or manage the internal psychological pain. It is important to understand that this behaviour signals a need for help and support and should not be dismissed as attention seeking.
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Self-harm and neuropsychiatric problems
Self-harm can often be linked to neuropsychiatric problems in children and adolescents. This includes conditions such as Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) and autism, but can also occur in other mental health conditions such as anxiety disorders and depression. Individuals with these diagnoses may experience heightened emotional sensitivity, impulse control problems, and difficulties in managing stress, which may lead them to use self-harm as a coping mechanism to manage their emotions or experience a temporary relief from psychological pain.
It is important to approach these behaviours with understanding and to seek professional help to address both the physical behaviour and the underlying mental health conditions. Treating the neuropsychiatric issues can often reduce or eliminate the need for self-harm as a maladaptive coping strategy.
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Treatment for children with self-harm
The treatment of self-harm in children requires a multifaceted and tailored approach centered around psychological support and sometimes medical intervention. A crucial component is psychotherapy, such as cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) to address negative thought patterns and behaviours. This may also involve treating underlying trauma or mental health problems such as anxiety.
For children with other underlying neuropsychiatric conditions, drug treatment may be necessary as part of a comprehensive treatment plan. In addition, education for children and families about self-harm and access to support groups are important to build an understanding and network of support. A safe and supportive environment, along with close collaboration between the family and professionals, is fundamental to supporting the child’s recovery.
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12 frequently asked questions about self-harm in children
What is self-harm in children?
Self-harm in children means that they intentionally harm themselves physically without the intention of committing suicide.
How can self-harm manifest itself?
It can manifest itself through actions such as cutting, burning, hitting themselves, picking at wounds, or pulling out hair. It can also include destructive behaviors such as drinking alcohol or taking drugs, putting themselves in dangerous situations, or high-risk sexual behaviour.
Why do children engage in self-harm?
The behaviour is often a way for the child to deal with and express deep emotional pain, stress, anxiety, or frustration. It acts as a maladaptive coping mechanism where the physical expression of pain is used to deflect or manage the inner psychological pain.
Is self-harm just a way to get attention?
No, it is important to understand that this behaviour signals a need for help and support rather than dismissing it as attention-seeking.
Is self-harm common in neuropsychiatric disorders?
Self-harm can often be linked to neuropsychiatric problems in children and adolescents. This includes conditions such as Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) and autism but can also occur in other mental health conditions such as anxiety disorders and depression.
Why do children and young people with neuropsychiatric problems often engage in self-harm?
Individuals with these diagnoses may experience heightened emotional sensitivity, impulse control problems, and difficulties in coping with stress, which may lead them to use self-harm as a coping mechanism to manage their emotions or experience temporary relief from psychological pain.
How can therapy help children and young people with self-harm?
The treatment of self-harm in children requires a multifaceted and tailored approach, centred around psychological support and sometimes medical intervention. It is possible to feel better.
What is CBT?
Cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) is an evidence-based therapy that helps individuals identify and challenge negative thought patterns and behaviours that contribute to ill health.
What is a child psychologist?
A child psychologist is a licensed professional with knowledge and experience in working for the well-being and mental health of children and parents.
What does a child psychologist do?
Child psychologists offer therapy and counselling, but also work with families to support the whole family when necessary. They also work with schools to help create good conditions for the child.
Can I see a child psychologist privately?
Lavendla has several psychologists available who have extensive experience working with children and young people. Consider booking an initial session with one of our psychologists to discuss the problem and plan a suitable treatment programme.
Where can I turn if I or my child needs help from a child psychologist?
You can contact your GP for a referral. Alternatively, book an online session with one of Lavendla’s experienced child psychologists who are ready to help. We make the difficult easier.
How can treatment for self-harm in children work?
Treatment for self-harm in children requires an integrated and individualized approach that addresses both the immediate dangers of the behaviour and the underlying psychological causes. Here are some important aspects of treatment:
- Professional evaluation: The first step is a thorough psychological evaluation by a child psychiatry team to identify any underlying diagnoses or contributing factors to the self-harm behavior.
- Psychotherapy: Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) is effective in helping children develop healthier ways to deal with negative emotions and thought patterns.
- Family therapy: Including the family in the treatment process is important for creating a supportive home environment and addressing any family-related stressors.
- Education and support groups: Education and support groups on self-harm for both the child and the family can be helpful depending on the need.
- Medical treatment: In some cases, medication may be necessary to treat underlying psychiatric conditions, such as depression or anxiety, that may contribute to self-harm.
- Environmental adaptations: Creating a safe environment that minimizes opportunities for self-harm and promotes healthy coping strategies is an important part of treatment.
It is important that parents and guardians work closely with professionals to create a coordinated and comprehensive treatment plan. Encouraging open communication and showing unconditional support for the child is crucial throughout the treatment process.
