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The concept of trauma can be complex so here we break down what it means and how it can be treated.

What is Trauma and PTSD?

Trauma is a psychological reaction to an event that is deeply unpleasant or stressful. It can be frightening situations involving threats to life. You may have experienced these events yourself, or be traumatised by seeing or hearing about other people who have experienced these kinds of threats. Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a medical diagnosis that describes a complex set of symptoms that can occur after experiencing a trauma. However, not everyone who has experienced a trauma later suffers from PTSD. We are differently equipped, mentally and physically, to deal with trauma. Trauma and PTSD can affect anyone, regardless of age, gender or background. But there is help available.

Statistics and facts

  • According to some studies, about 1 in 10 people in the UK will be affected by PTSD at some point in their lives.
  • Women aged 16-24 are the most likely to screen positive for PTSD.

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Symptoms and signs

People suffering from PTSD may experience:

  • Reliving the trauma through nightmares or flashbacks.
  • Emotional numbness.
  • Greatly increased nervous system activity, which can include insomnia, irritability and exaggerated fear reactions.

Many people with PTSD report a constant sense of danger or threat, even in safe environments, which can make everyday activities and relationships difficult.

Different forms of therapy

When it comes to dealing with PTSD, there are several treatment options to consider. Cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) is a proven method that focuses on changing negative thought patterns and behaviours. Eye Movement Desensitisation and Reprocessing (EMDR) is a proven effective therapy that can help you process and re-evaluate traumatic memories. Another proven method is tapping and/or havening. This is a therapeutic method that you can learn yourself with the help of a therapist. Choosing one of these therapies, in combination with medication such as antidepressants and anti-anxiety drugs, is often part of the treatment plan. It is important to discuss the different options with a qualified psychologist or therapist to find the right treatment for you.


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How therapy can help

As therapy can give you tools to manage symptoms, it helps you work through the emotional and psychological impact of the underlying trauma. Although it can feel uncomfortable, or even overwhelming, therapy has many benefits. It gives you a safe place to express and explore your feelings which can significantly help the recovery process. Many people believe that seeking help is a sign of weakness. This is a tragic misconception as it takes strength to take the first step towards recovery.

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If you or someone you know is experiencing the symptoms and feelings described, it may be a good idea to talk to a psychologist or therapist. Book an initial session with one of our experienced team today to take that first step toward treatment.


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10 common questions about PTSD and trauma

What is PTSD?

PTSD stands for Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder and is a mental illness that can develop after experiencing a traumatic event. This condition can lead to severe emotional and physical symptoms.

How does trauma occur?

Trauma usually occurs after a serious event that causes mental, emotional or physical harm. It can include anything from natural disasters and accidents to personal experiences such as abuse, war or involuntary loss. People can also be traumatized by witnessing an event that was threatening to other people or hearing from others how they experienced a traumatic situation. How trauma occurs depends on a person’s age, mental and physical preparedness, and the duration of the threatening event.

What are the most common symptoms of PTSD?

The most common symptoms include reliving the traumatic event, avoidance behavior, increased vigilance, and negative changes in emotions and thoughts. These symptoms can be long-lasting and affect everyday life.

How is PTSD diagnosed?

Diagnosis of PTSD is carried out by qualified psychologists or psychiatrists and often involves both self-report tests and clinical interviews. Diagnostic tools such as the DSM-5 are also used.

Is there a cure for PTSD?

There is no “cure” in the traditional sense, but there are treatment methods such as cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) and medication that can help manage the symptoms.

What are ‘flashbacks’?

Flashbacks are intense and often unpleasant re-experiences of the traumatic event. They may involve seeing, hearing or smelling something that reminds you of the traumatic event. This can happen automatically, i.e. you can have bodily reactions or feelings of discomfort without understanding why it happens. Strong anxiety as a reaction is also common.

How does PTSD affect relationships?

PTSD can make it difficult to maintain close relationships due to symptoms such as isolation, irritability and lack of trust. This can also lead to problems with work and social activities.

Is PTSD related to depression?

Yes, PTSD and depression often go hand in hand. Many people with PTSD also experience symptoms of depression, which can complicate diagnosis and treatment.

What is the difference between acute stress disorder and PTSD?

Acute stress disorder occurs immediately after the traumatic event and lasts for a short period of time. If symptoms persist for more than a month, it can develop into PTSD.

How to seek help?

If you or someone you know is suffering from PTSD or trauma, it is important to seek professional help. You can book an appointment with a psychologist or therapist via our website. We make the difficult easier by offering online and face-to-face session options.

What is Complex Trauma?

Complex trauma occurs when a person may have been exposed to highly unpleasant situations over a long period of time, such as bullying, mental breakdown or harassment. The nature of the trauma may also depend on the age at which you experienced the trauma.

How a psychologist treats trauma and PTSD

If you or someone you know is suffering from PTSD (Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder) or other trauma symptoms, it can be scary and confusing. It is important to seek professional help as soon as possible. Remember that only a qualified healthcare provider can make a diagnosis and prescribe a treatment plan. In the case of an acute mental health crisis, call 111 or visit 111.nhs.uk.

  • Step 1: Diagnostic Evaluation
    The first step is to undergo a diagnostic evaluation with a psychologist or psychiatrist to determine if you have PTSD or other related conditions.
  • Step 2: Individualised treatment plan
    If a diagnosis is made, your healthcare provider will design an individualised treatment plan based on your needs.
  • Step 3: Psychotherapy
    Various forms of psychotherapy have been shown to be effective in treating PTSD. The most common are cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT), Eye Movement Desensitisation and Reprocessing (EMDR), and dialectical behavioural therapy (DBT). Another proven method is tapping and/or havening.
  • Step 4: Pharmacological treatment
    In some cases, medications such as antidepressants or anti-anxiety drugs may be prescribed to help you manage your symptoms.
  • Step 5: Monitoring and adjustment
    Regular follow-up with your healthcare provider is essential to adjust the treatment plan as you progress.
  • Step 6: Self-help and support groups
    Many people find it useful to attend support groups or use self-help techniques, such as mindfulness and relaxation exercises. Therefore, it is often part of your treatment plan.
  • Step 7: Long-term follow-up
    After you complete the initial treatment phase, long-term follow-up and possibly continued therapy or medication will be necessary to help you maintain your well-being.

Next steps

Dealing with PTSD or trauma can be a long and challenging process, but it is entirely possible to feel better and regain control of your life. Lavendla makes it easy to get in touch with psychologists and therapists who can help you on your journey. Don’t hesitate to take that first step, seek help today. We make the difficult easier.


Written by Dominic Wardall

Dominic is a Cape Town-based copywriter and editor with extensive background and studies in psychology. Dominic is a central part of the articles written on Lavendla.