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It's normal to have some emotional ups and downs. But when moods fluctuate too much or too quickly or begin to impact relationships, it might be time to get help.
What is bipolar disorder?
Bipolar disorder is a mental illness characterized by extreme swings in mood, energy and activity levels. These fluctuations result in periods of manic (or hypomanic) and depressive episodes.
There are several types of bipolar disorder, including type 1, type 2, and cyclothymia, depending on the severity and duration of manic and depressive periods, with type 1 being the most severe form.
What set our therapist apart was her genuine empathy and personal insight. Not only did she possess a deep understanding of neurodiversity, but she also shared personal experiences that resonated with us, creating an instant connection and fostering a sense of trust!
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What causes bipolar disorder?
Bipolar disorder is caused by a combination of genetic, biological, environmental and psychological factors. There is a strong genetic component to bipolar disorder, as the risk increases if a close relative has the disorder. Biological factors include changes in brain structure and chemical imbalances. Environmental factors such as stressful life events can trigger the disease in genetically prone individuals. Hormonal imbalances can also play a role. Bipolar disorder is a complex condition that requires professional treatment.
How common is bipolar disorder?
The National Institute of Mental Health reports that 4.4% of American adults have bipolar at some point in their lives (NIMH, 2017).
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Symptoms of bipolar disorder
The symptoms of bipolar disorder vary depending on the type of mood swings experienced – manic, hypomanic or depressive episodes:
- Manic Episodes: Periods of excessive energy, activity and restlessness with extremely elevated mood or irritability. There may be reduced need for sleep and increased talkativeness or rapid speech. Racing thoughts and being easily distracted are common and people may have an exaggerated belief in their own abilities. Risky behaviors such as impulsive money or sexual adventures are also common.
- Hypomanic Episodes: Similar to manic episodes but less severe and less disruptive to everyday life. However, they can still lead to noticeable changes in behavior and mood.
- Depressive Episodes: Prolonged sadness, hopelessness or emptiness with loss of interest or pleasure in most activities. There may be changes in weight and appetite and problems sleeping (too much or too little). Restlessness or sluggishness is common, as is fatigue or lack of energy. Feelings of worthlessness or excessive or unfair guilt, difficulty thinking, concentrating or making decisions, and recurrent thoughts of death or suicide are common.
Bipolar disorder often involves cycles of these mood swings, which vary in length and intensity. Diagnosis and treatment of bipolar disorder should be handled by a qualified health professional.
Treatment of bipolar disorder
Due to Lavendla’s commitment to providing quality, evidence-based care, and because bipolar disorder requires specialized psychiatric treatment, therapists at Lavendla do not typically provide diagnostic assessments or treatment for bipolar disorder. It is not uncommon for people with bipolar to be admitted to inpatient psychiatric facilities while medication changes are being made and treatment is tailored to the individual. Family members may also receive support as part of the treatment. In addition, it is important to adapt the therapy to the individual’s specific needs and situation and to take into account lifestyle factors. For people with bipolar disorder, routines, avoiding alcohol, getting enough sleep, exercising regularly and managing stress are key. The disease is also monitored regularly with annual check-ups. Thankfully, it is possible to live a normal life if you take care of your bipolar disorder.
If you or someone you know is experiencing manic or delusional behavior, call 911 or go to your nearest emergency room.
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If a family member has bipolar disorder
It is important to get knowledge and information about the illness yourself if you are a family member. You can also offer emotional support, but remember that you are not a substitute for qualified care. There are also family groups and training courses that can be helpful, often provided by specialist psychiatric services or non-profit associations. Children of people with bipolar disorder should carefully monitor their own mental health due to the high genetic correlation.
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Approaching the topic of bipolar disorder can feel overwhelming, but we’re here to make the hard part easier. When you feel it’s time to talk to a psychologist or therapist, you can easily book a session with us. No matter when you take the step, our experienced team is always ready to help you or your loved ones.
12 frequently asked questions about bipolar disorder
What is bipolar disorder?
Bipolar disorder is a chronic condition with alternating periods of depression and mania or a mixture of the two. These fluctuations can be so extreme that they disrupt a person’s daily life and functioning.
How common is bipolar disorder?
About 4.4% of the American population has bipolar disorder.
What are the symptoms of bipolar disorder?
Bipolar disorder is characterized by extreme swings in mood, energy and activity levels. These fluctuations result in periods of manic (or hypomanic) and depressive episodes.
What is psychosis?
Psychotic illness, often just called psychosis, is a psychiatric condition in which a person has difficulty distinguishing between what is reality and what is not. Psychosis can occur in various mental health conditions, such as bipolar disorder, major depression, or as a result of certain medical conditions or substance use.
What causes bipolar disorder?
Bipolar disorder is caused by a combination of genetic, biological, environmental and psychological factors.
What are the treatment options for bipolar disorder?
Treatment usually includes medication and psychological treatment. Family members may also receive support as part of the treatment. It is also important to take into account lifestyle factors and have regular follow-ups with medical providers.
Are there different forms of bipolar disorder?
There are several types of bipolar disorder, including type 1, type 2, and cyclothymia, depending on the severity and duration of manic and depressive periods. Type 1 is the more severe form while type 2 is milder.
Can you recover from bipolar disorder?
Bipolar disorder is a chronic illness, but that doesn’t mean you can’t live a fulfilling life if you manage your lifestyle and follow your treatment plan.
Is there a link between creativity and bipolar disorder?
Yes, a link between bipolar disorder and creativity has been suggested and there is research to support this link. However, not everyone with bipolar disorder is creative.
What can I do as a family member of someone with bipolar disorder?
The most important step is to encourage the person to seek professional help. You can also offer emotional support, but remember that you are not a substitute for qualified care. There are also family groups and training courses that can be helpful.
Can you force someone to go to therapy?
No, you can’t force someone to undergo therapeutic treatment unless they are at imminent risk of harming themselves or others.
Where can I go if I or someone I know has symptoms of bipolar disorder?
To get help, you can contact local mental health providers with expertise in treating bipolar disorder. If there is a safety risk, call 911 or go to your nearest emergency room.
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